Model 41

1-حالة الطقس

Strong winds will raise dust and sand, reducing visibility over the northern and central Kingdom between Makkah and Madinah, with the possibility of increasing temperatures over these regions. Suspended haze will spread over Qassim, Hail and northern parts of the Riyadh region, limiting visibility and making driving hazardous. Parts of the central and eastern Kingdom will be partly cloudy, with chances of rain. Storm clouds may form over the southwestern and Western highlands, including Abha, Baha and Taif.

1. Which parts of the Kingdom may receive rain?

2. The forecast for Makkah and Medina is ……

3. Which city may expect to see storm clouds?

4. Where will it probably be difficult to see clearly while driving?

2-الورق

1) The paper we use today is made by machine. Trees are cut up and processed into a mixture called wood pulp. The pulp, containing tiny cellulose fibers, is pressed and rolled out to form sheets of paper.
2) The first manmade writing material was not paper. About 4,000 years
ago, the ancient Egyptians took the fibrous stems of the papyrus plant, flattened them, laid them crosswise and pressed them down to stick them together. When dried, this made a piece of papyrus that could be written on.
3) Paper was first made in China around the year 105 CE by a man called Ts’ailun. He found a way to make paper from the stringy inner bark of the mulberry tree. The bark was pounded in water to separate the fibers. This mixture was then poured into a bamboo tray to let the water drain out. After that, the soft mat of paper was moved onto a smooth, flat surface to dry. Later, someone discovered that the paper could be improved by brushing it with starch to make it stronger.
4) Chinese traders travelled around Asia as far as Samarkand. There, they met with Arab merchants who learned the secret of making paper and took it to Spain. Afterwards, the art of papermaking spread throughout the rest of Europe.
5) Since then, many kinds of machines have been invented and improved methods discovered for making paper. One of the most important, for example, was a machine developed in France in 1798. This machine could make a continuous sheet or web of paper. Before, paper could only be produced in separate sheets.

5. According to Paragraph 2), what did the early Egyptians use to make
their writing material?

6. The word them in Paragraph (2) refers to ……

7. The first real paper was made in …….

8. Who introduced the paper-making process to Europe?

9. Which component is necessary for making both paper and papyrus?

3-الحيوانات

1) Humans are not the only species on Earth capable of building extraordinary structures. The natural world is in fact full of ingenious animals that can achieve just as impressive feats of engineering.
2) Building behavior is common in mammals, birds, insects and arachnids. Many animals learn to build by observation and even through communication. However, in some cases building is thought to be instinctive.
3) Animals will often construct their own habitats for shelter against potential predators and the outside elements. Many dwellings are also built for nesting purposes and to catch, store and even cultivate food.
4) Animal architecture can also be quite sophisticated; with many structures incorporating clever ventilation systems for temperature control, and even secure entry and exit points to keep unwanted visitors away.
5) Complex builds are often undertaken as a group, which helps speed up construction time. Take for example the humble ant. An army of ants can move up to 50 tons of soil per year in just 2.6 square kilometers. A single ant is capable of carrying up to 50 times its own weight, so working together as a colony means they’re able to accomplish impressive feats. In fact, within a week, a large army of garden ants can construct an underground city big enough to house thousands of insects.
6) Established deep underground, ant nests are made up of multiple chambers and connecting tunnels. Each chamber has a different use; some store food while others are used as nurseries for the young and resting spaces for busy worker ants and the deepest central chamber is where the queen ant lays her eggs.

10. What does Paragraph (1) say about the natural world?

11. Which of the following statements about building behavior does Paragraph (2) support?

12. What does Paragraph (3) reveal about animal constructions?

13. Which sentence gives the main idea of Paragraph (5)?

14. Which statement about animal architecture in Paragraph (5) is correct?

4-الوقود الإحفوري

(1) Fossil fuels include coal, oil and natural gas, formed from the remains of plants and animals which lived millions of years ago and obtained energy originally from the Sun. At present they are our main energy source. Predictions vary as to how long they will last since this depends on what reserves are recoverable and on the future demands of a world population expected to increase from about 7,000 million in 2011 to at least 7,600 million by the year 2050. Some estimates say oil and gas will run low early in the present century but coal should last for 200 years or so.
(2) Burning fossil fuels in power stations and in cars pollutes the atmosphere with harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Carbon dioxide emission aggravates the greenhouse effect and increases global warming. It is not immediately feasible to prevent large amounts of carbon dioxide entering the atmosphere, but less is produced by burning natural gas than by burning oil or coal; burning coal produces most carbon dioxide for each unit of energy produced.
(3) When coal and oil are but they also produce sulfur dioxide which causes acid rain. The sulfur dioxide can be extracted from the waste gases so it does not enter the atmosphere or the sulfur can be removed from the fuel before combustion, but these are both costly and risky processes which increase the price of electricity produced using these measures.

15. What is the main topic of the passage?

16. What is one important idea that the writer mentions about fossil fuels in Paragraph (1)?

17. Why does the writer mention the example of the increasing world population in the future?

18. What important ideas does the writer mention about sulfur dioxide in Paragraph (3)?

5- دعوة الى عشاء

Alex: Hi Dave, do you want to come over for dinner tonight?
Dave: Sorry Alex, I can’t talk right now because I’m …….

19.What is Dave’s reply?

6- متطلبات وظائف في شركة سياحية

A reputable travel and tourism company requires the following in the areas of Abha – Jizan –
Kliamis Mushait – Jeddah – Dammam:
Tour and Hotel Consultant
● Bachelor’s degree in Hotel Management and Tourism
● Previous experience with travel and tourism agents
● Knowledge of and experience with visa procedures
● Fluency in English, spoken and written
● Proficiency in dealing with people

Airline Reservation Consultant
● Bachelor’s degree
● Familiarity with reservation systems
● Fluency in English. spoken and written
● Neat appearance
Accountant
● Bachelor’s degree in Accounting
● Experience in dealing with the IATA system
● Fluency in English, spoken and written Preference is given to Saudi nationals

20.Which qualifications are required for all three positions?

21.What kind of company is trying to fill these positions?

22.What information is NOT given in the passage?